该所主要从事核与辐射应急研究、核设施安全研究、放射性物质运输安全研究。

　　国家核应急辐射防护技术支持中心、国家核应急救援辐射防护现场技术支持分队、中核集团核工业辐射事故应急技术支援中心的管理与协调职能设在该所，为国家和中核集团的核应急管理提供技术支持，并参与IAEA中国核应急准备与响应能力建设中心（CBC）的运行支持。

　　中国辐射防护学会的核与辐射应急分会、放射性物质运输安全专业委员会的日常运行管理职能设在该所。

　　在核事故应急评价与决策支持系统研发、核应急体系策划与应急预案编制、核应急智能装备开发等方面具有全面的技术能力。开展应急计划区划分、应急行动水平、操作干预水平、堆芯损伤评价、核事故源项分析、核反恐技术的前沿科学研究和技术服务，参与相关核应急国家、行业标准制订，为国内外重大核活动和核事件的应急准备和响应提供支持。开展核应急相关软件、机器人、移动平台等的集成和产品销售，及核应急相关培训和技术咨询。

　　在核设施安全研究方面，开展核燃料循环系统设施、反应堆等的安全评价、事故验证、防护措施等的研究和技术服务，拥有火灾、爆炸、泄漏、冲击、震动、屏蔽、环境试验实验室，参与制修订核设施安全相关法规和标准，开发安全分析软件，开展安全技术研究，建立了PSA技术和数据库，开展核设施安全相关培训和技术咨询。

　　在放射性物质运输安全领域，拥有我国唯一的放射性物质包装容器专用试验基地，具备满足国际原子能机构及我国相关法规要求的百吨级B型运输货包试验能力，开展放射性包装容器的设计、试验、安全评价和许可取证。开展装运安全评价、核与辐射安全评价、环境影响评价，运输安全体系策划和文件编制。参与制修订放射性物质运输安全相关法规和标准，开展相关培训和技术咨询。

　　The management and coordination functions of National Nuclear Emergency Radiation Protection Technical Support Center, National Nuclear Emergency Rescue Radiation Protection On-site Technical Support Team and Nuclear Industry Radiation Accident Emergency Technical Support Center of CNNC are assigned to the department, which provides technical support to the nuclear emergency management of the state and CNNC. The department also participate the supporting of Emergency Preparedness and Response Capacity Building Center (CBC-EPR) of IAEA in China

　　It has comprehensive technical capabilities in nuclear accident emergency assessment and decision-making, emergency planning and emergency plan preparation, nuclear emergency intelligent equipment development, etc. Carry out the frontiers of scientific research and provide technical services for emergency planning zone, emergency action level, operation intervention levels, core damage assessment, nuclear accident source term analysis, nuclear anti-terrorism technology; provide technical supports of the emergency preparedness and response for major nuclear activities and events at national or international level. Participate in the preparation and revision of relevant national and nuclear industrial standards. Integration and product sales of software, robots, mobile platforms related to nuclear emergency. The department also provides training and technical consultation services.

　　In the field of radioactive material transportation safety, it has the only special test base for radioactive material packaging containers in China, has the ability of hundred-ton level B-type transport container verification to meet the requirements of the International Atomic Energy Agency and China's relevant laws and regulations, and carries out the design, test, safety evaluation and licensing of radioactive packaging containers. Carry out shipping safety assessment, nuclear and radiation safety assessment, environmental impact assessment, transportation safety system planning and document preparation. Participate in the preparation and revision of regulations and standards related to radioactive material transportation safety, and carry out relevant training and technical consultation.