保健物理研究所主要从事辐射剂量学、辐射监测技术、辐射探测器与核电子学技术、防护与最优化技术和辐射计量与测试技术等方面的研究，为各类核工业和核技术利用机构提供产品、技术服务和整体解决方案。下设辐射剂量学研究室、辐射监测技术研究室、防护技术研究室和计量与测试技术研究室。此外承担着中核集团公司辐射防护仪表检测中心、个人剂量管理与服务中心的管理服务工作。同时，也是国际原子能机构与世界卫生组织（IAEA/WHO）次级标准剂量学实验室网络成员，亚洲剂量学工作组（ARADOS）成员。

　　该所承担着国防预研、核能开发、国防基础科研、国防技术基础、国家自然科学基金、国家科技攻关等重点科研任务，突破了γ谱分析、3D辐射场计算、弱贯穿监测、辐射屏蔽快速构建、放射性气溶胶测量等关键技术，形成了系列化的WBC测量系统、数字化辐射防护管理平台、定向剂量测量仪、辐射源项测量系统、辐射热点屏蔽装置、系列化气溶胶测量系统等成果。

　　Department of Health Physics is mainly engaged in the research of radiation dosimetry, radiation monitoring technology, radiation detectors and nuclear electronics technology, protection and optimization technology, radiation metrology and testing technology and so on. At the same time, Department of Health Physics provides products, technical services and overall solutions for various nuclear industries and nuclear technology utilization institutions.There are radiation dosimetry lab, radiation monitoring technology lab, protection technology lab, radiation metrology and testing technology lab. In addition, it is responsible for the management of Radiation Protection Instrument Test Center and Personal Dose Management and Service Center of China National Nuclear Corporation. At the same time, It is a member of IAEA/WHO Secondary Standard Dosimetry Lab and a member of the Asian Radiation Dosimetry Group (ARADOS).

　　Department of Health Physics undertakes a variety of  key scientific research tasks.It has broken through several key technologies such as gamma spectrum analysis, 3D radiation field calculation, weak penetration monitoring, rapid construction of radiation shielding, radioactive aerosol measurement, etc., and formed relevant achievements such as a series of WBC measurement systems, digital radiation protection management platforms, directional dosimeters, radiation Source term measurement system, radiation hot spot shielding device, serialized aerosol measurement system and so on.